A subscriber identity module or subscriber identification module, popularly known as SIM card was invented in 1991 in Munich by a SIM...

An Integrated Circuit (IC) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material (normally...

DDR4 SDRAM or Double Data Rate 4 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory is a type of synchronous dynamic random-access memory with a...

On a fundamental level, computing systems rely on the ability to store and manipulate information represented and stored as a stream of...

What is Reverse Engineering? To start with, reverse engineering is a method by which an object is deconstructed for exploring its design,...

EDX systems are attachments to Electron Microscopy instruments (Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) or Transmission Electron Microscopy...

Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) is the use of the energy distribution of electrons that pass through a thin sample to examine...

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) uses a focused beam of high-energy electrons to generate a variety of signals at the surface of...

With a significant role in material sciences, physics, (soft matter) chemistry, and biology, the transmission electron microscope is one...

“To ensure you steer clear of any legal risk of reverse engineering, it should be performed only to the extent of allowances, such as for...